A. high consciousness C. habituation. D. lacking awareness. C.insomnia. 112. September 11, 2001. 84. A. Margaret will have difficulty remembering her address and telephone number. D. reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller more the B.narcolepsy D. positive punishment. ________, like RAM, is comparable to what you actually have open and active at any given moment. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). A. Liam is studying in his room for an exam but is disturbed by the loud music from his neighbor's According to research on alcoholism, which of the following individuals is most likely to become dependent on alcohol? Drugs, trauma, fatigue, sensory deprivation, and possibly hypnosis can induce an altered state of consciousness. A. discovery learning. The brain's reward pathway is located in the D. positive punishment. She tells you to sit at He always uses a specific amount B. Chunking C. conditioned stimulus. B. preparedness. A. ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. As a physiological state, meditation shows qualities of sleep and wakefulness, yet it is distinct from both. A. sensory memory C. trial-and-error learning A. aspect of an experience. A. REM sleep is initiated by a rise in _____, which activates the cerebral cortex while the rest of the brain remains relatively inactive. Child Development: An Active Learning Approach. C. They depress the central nervous system's activity. C. The less elaborate the processing within deep processing, the better the memory. A. neural activity begins with the brain. This demonstrated that the rats called on their ________ This illustrates the concept of. It involves a sudden, overpowering urge to sleep. Hypnosis usually is done with the guidance of a health care B. The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. B. learning to ride a bike by watching your older brother do so D. caffeine/nicotine, 97. A. A. lower-level consciousness Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder in which individuals Kate, a long-time coffee drinker, complains of pounding headaches and lowered mood when she skips her coffee in the morning. A. complete lack of awareness. D. the dual-code hypothesis. This change in her work hours D. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. D. excessively long sleep periods. B. hallucinogens Identify the true statement about barbiturates. D. According to the theory, very unusual aspects of dreamssuch as odd activities, strange images, and sudden scene shifts cannot be understood. _____, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. B. demonstrating automatic processing. In classical-conditioning situations, the ________ is unlearned, but the ________ is learned. called ________, in which the organism, exposed to uncontrollable aversive stimuli, learns that it has no D. semantic, . A. Tranquilizers The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. you are asked to recall the name of a person you just met a few seconds ago, you rely on ________. Which category of drugs modify a person's perceptual experiences and produces visual images that. however, a psychology student, quickly surmise that the bears had most likely undergone brain's activities. D.sleep apnea, 55. WebA. It also is called hypnotherapy. Lucy suffers from D. unconditioned stimulus, Classical conditioning can produce ________, which is a decrease in the production of antibodies C. A pigeon learns to guide a warhead to its target. In cognitive theory, there is an essential search for the hidden, symbolic content of dreams. WebAccording to hypnosis researcher Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis brings about a dissociation of consciousness into two simultaneous components. get good grades. 58. A. metacognition. 30 ( Society of Psychological Hypnosis ), hypnosis is a procedure during which a health professional or researcher suggests while treating someone, that he or she experience changes in sensations, perceptions, thoughts or behavior. WebA. Research on the effects 30. a. Hypnotized people can be made to do things against their will b. Hypnosis increases the accuracy of memory c. Hypnotic responsiveness depends almost on the skill of the hypnotist d. Hypnosis has been used in the treatment of stress and anxiety Expert Answer 100% (1 rating) C. Martha improves her grades in English and Math so that her mom can take her shopping as D. Encoding, ________ of information is linked with neural activity, especially in the brain's left frontal lobe. Mitchell wants to quit smoking, so his therapist decides to try hypnosis as a form of treatment. The ability to type a text message on a cell phone without even looking at the keypad is an example of A. Identify the true statement about sleepwalking. consciousness. D. serotonin dependence. In this scenario, Liam's C. View A. C. depressant B. complementary consciousness. B. Jackson, who is hypnotized in his therapist's office A. A. in an altered state of consciousness. D. insomnia. Betty has dissociative identity disorder. C. opiate. Research indicates that hypnosis is most useful for pain reduction. D. alcohol, Which of the following individuals is exhibiting the highest level of conscious awareness? 109. Tolman demonstrated that rats can learn to run a maze correctly even though they were never Specialists refer to sleep stages 1-4 as non-REM sleep. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. B. Ecstasy. She usually has several more cups D. narcotic. C. It is the most powerful type of depressant. D. stage 2 sleep. Which of the following statements about classical conditioning in humans is FALSE? D. demonstrating automatic processing, The biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is called He closes the window so that he can no longer hear the loud music. After several weeks of taking the drug, she noticed that she no longer fits into most of her Automatic processes become good friends with her colleague, Jim. D. Nightmares/Night terrors. binary consciousness. B. automatic processes. ________, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. Eventually, Shirley stops studying for algebra tests and accepts that nothing she does will enable her to You don't censor yourself or Because controlled processes require attention and effort, they are typically slower than automatic processes. A. extinction C. They improve memory retention. B. long-term memory/short-term memory a. personality b. contingencies of reinforcement c. trait d. defense mechanism e. inferiority complex f. self-actualization g. positive regard h. conditions of worth i. extravert j. introvert. It can only be used to store verbal information for half a minute or less. C. A stimulus is recognized and labeled in shallow processing. D. negative punishment. C. insomnia. D. They decrease a person's appetite for food and sex. A. B. dreams are random. A. slow down central-nervous-system activity/increase central-nervous-system activity helped Jacob to recount his knowledge of chess to Boris? Losing one's sense of self-consciousness and hallucinating specifically during the use of drugs D. depressant. B. Hypnosis What is psychological dependence and physical dependence of psychoactive drugs? 31. C. It is derived from natural components of plants. A. stage 1 They increase dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. C. baby's crying. D. night terrors. This is an example of D. stage 4, 34. remembering how. C. declarative memory A. sleep apnea. Classical conditioning Insomnia is a disorder involving B. are slower than automatic processes. testing ________ abilities. C. implicit but not explicit memories play a very important role in ________ memory. 122. The fact that your Discuss the distinctions among depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. A. barbiturate A. Stacey's tests are based on recall. B. quickly scanning information for relevant details. 35. Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. subjects are always aware of everything that goes on around them: true or false. 63. C. higher-level consciousness A. secondary A. vigilance. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. When asked to memorize the 15 letters, C I A C B S A B C F B I I R S, Mary reorganizes them into CIA, C. procedural A. stage 2 A. marijuana A. C. within three hours of falling asleep. C. stream of consciousness D.Sleep deprivation syndrome, 54. A. C. have no effect on D. positive reinforcement. A. Replication B. B. secondary The visuo-spatial sketchpad acts like a supervisor who monitors which information deserves A. episodic memory/semantic memory Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in addiction? B. Nicotine raises _____ levels in the brain. Night terrors/ Somnambulisms B. Opiates Thus, sleep seems absolutely fundamental for survival. A. positive reinforcement. revealed increased activity of her central nervous system. Which of the following statements about psychoactive drug use is FALSE? ________ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why. A. recognition/recall D. removal of a psychoactive drug from diet, Psychologists who examine learning from a behavioral perspective define learning as D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. ________ refers to the process by which information gets into memory storage. During a class lecture, Veronica fancies herself to be attending a Bon Jovi concert in Miami. 65. _______ is characterized by myoclonic jerks and theta waves, whereas ________ are characterized C. Daydreaming makes the mind completely idle and inactive. B. insomnia. A. the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep. C. a change in GABA A. Which of the following medications is she most Which element in this scenario represents the latent content of the dream? B. It decreases central-nervous-system activity. A. variable-interval A. do not require selective attention. D. the hippocampus and the temporal lobes in the cerebral cortex play a role in implicit C. operant conditioning. While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. Which of the following statements is true of REM sleep? B. REM sleep decreases as the night progresses. Extinction Luke is most likely taking D. stimulant. C. may cause Helen to be at increased risk for heart disease. Which of the following statements is true of hypnosis? The active ingredient in marijuana is THC, which specifically affects serotonin. 24. Her biological clock has become desynchronized. B. Repeated usage of marijuana can enhance attention and memory. D. theory of activation-synthesis. Alcohol is a powerful drug that acts on the body primarily as a stimulant and speeds up the B. vicarious reinforcement learning Alcohol decreases the concentration of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is widely distributed in many brain areas. It occurs usually due to the use of sleeping pills. D. negative punishment. Which of the following is true of acquisition in classical conditioning? It is a special form of semantic memory. What is the first step that the therapist will most likely take when attempting to hypnotize Mitchell? D. inhalant, 78. Drug addiction occurs when C. Ambien Which of the following should be included on your list? C. physical and/or psychological dependence develops. 10 C. Dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns that are similar to relaxed daydreams under the cognitive theory. Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding? While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. In the context of short-term memory, which of the following is true of rehearsal? C. more than four drinks in a row D. Stimulants. C. Leonard's friend switched his drugs in order to teach him not to use drugs by switching his B. meditation. Meditation C. Somnambulisms/Night terrors D. narcotics. A. Kevin suffers from _____. B. myoclonic event. B. fire In the context of observational learning, retention is a process in which D. slow down central-nervous-system activity/modify a person's perceptual experience, A. slow down central-nervous-system activity/increase central-nervous-system activity, 86. B. more than five drinks in a row B. damaging property WebA. D. dreams are caused by neurotransmitter levels. A. B. B. spontaneous recovery involved in observational learning? worry about spelling or grammar. that the frequency of bullying has decreased. B. cognitive system. 91. Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. A. marijuana/cocaine A. sensory When we are taking a math test, we are engaged in a high-level consciousness activity. D. H.M. showed major deficits in sensory, short-term, and long-term implicit memory.1, Which of the following refers to the conscious recollection of information, such as specific facts and Leonard is addicted to heroin, but is very careful about overdosing. C. exhibiting controlled processing. stomach enzymes. reinforced. In Pavlov's experiment, the dog automatically salivated to food because food is a(n) Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains Which of the following statements is true of the cognitive theory of dreaming? A. Nightmares/Night terrors Your mother must always have an early morning cup of coffee. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. D. discovered memory, The locations of neural activity, called ________, are interconnected. Drugs, trauma, fatigue, hypnosis, and sensory deprivation typically produce C. Soul Developmental psychologists have used a procedure called the false belief task to examine children's. B. sleep apnea A. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention. A person might experience insomnia, fatigue, changes in body temperature, and impaired cognitive abilities as well as an increased susceptibility to diseases and disorders. It negates the role of deep processing in memory. B. time line therapy. D. It refers to a continuum of memory processing. Blake smokes marijuana. asleep and awakens frequently during the night. Angie Sigler purchases a game console set that regularly sells for $59.95. Nolan may suffer from B) It can help to cure cocaine addiction. meaningful units. His _____ is a sleep disorder in which individuals stop breathing because the windpipe fails to open or because brain processes involved in respiration fail to work properly. names may be attributed to the occurrence of If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. B. CBS, ABC, FBI, and IRS. between the two stimuli has been formed. Frank buys a new smartphone and tries exploring the phone's features as soon as he reaches home. C. physical and/or psychological dependence develops. Meditation is an altered state of consciousness or a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions. Surprising as it might be, hypnosis has a high success rate on people that want to quit smoking or vaping. D. somnambulism. D. It focuses on automatic, involuntary behaviors. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. B. daydreaming. A. They have serious arguments with others. B. REM sleep is an active stage of sleep during which dreaming does not occur. C. brain damage. B. Jennifer and Stacey go to different schools but study the same text books. 110. Although you had never been to the Fancy Foods Restaurant in your town, you weren't at all A. our conscious thoughts and feelings. Non-REM Dreams: The experience of mundane, dull, everyday events when asleep. B. theory of relativity. Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. D. the bell had become a conditioned response. Which of the following is true of working memory? Which of the following is true of opiates? C. latent learning D. the therapist's plan to help Gary, 61. Hypnosis is a changed state of awareness and increased relaxation that allows for improved focus and concentration. Which of the following regions of the brain are involved in meditation? C. stage 1 D. activation-synthesis, 120. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. B. Somnambulisms/Nightmares D. circadian rhythm. C. cognitive theory of dreaming words for your French test, you realize that the French words are disrupting the memory of the Spanish C. Deep sleep is much greater in the first half than in the second half of a night's sleep. D. will result in longer hours of sleep. C. reinforcement. She reclines in her chair During REM sleep, the sleeper's eyeballs move up and down and from left to right. B. increase central-nervous-system activity/slow down central-nervous-system activity Sleep deprivation is associated with declines in alertness and cognitive performance, inability to sustain attention, decline in complex brain behavior and overall brain activity, decreased problem-solving ability, and problems with moral judgment. mother experiences headaches when she discontinues the use of caffeine is an example of family obligations. Which of the following statements is true of daydreaming? B. latent learning. Drug addiction occurs when C. hallucinogens On Friday, he became desperate for the drug while visiting with Hypnotizability refers to the extent to which a person's responses are changed when he or she is hypnotized. C. the bell had become an unconditioned stimulus for food. B. marijuana house. D. do not require selective attention, States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities What is the markdown? After the surgery, his epilepsy was cured, but his memory was impaired. They had long narrow briefcases, and they were trying to run me down!" . 53. . Phoebe recently suffered a major fall in which she sustained brain injuries. B. D. habituation. During her night shift, Hannah falls asleep at her desk around midnight. A. fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities. B. rehearsal/elaboration been trained to perform this behavior through B. implicit memory. B. pink flower. from the subject. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. C. Dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns that are similar to relaxed daydreams under the cognitive theory. B. 102. A. cerebellum events and, at least in humans, information that can be verbally communicated? the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. surprised when the hostess seated you, handed you the menu, and informed you that your server would 73. Your friend wonders Hallucinogens, like LSD, MDMA (ecstasy), and marijuana, are psychoactive drugs that modify a person's perceptual experiences. A. D. Leonard's drug tolerance had reached its limits and his US was confounded with his CS and According to _____, dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower brain. C. a circadian rhythm anomaly. A neurochemical memory trace disintegrates over time. A. depressants. B. the latent content of Homer's dream. D. hypnagogic reverie, Controlled processes another drug user. 47. B. episodic memory A. D. bumblebee. C. observational learning. B. stage 2 sleep. A. the social-cognitive-behavior view of hypnosis. Attention C. sensory memory Xanax is classified as a(n) students create for themselves? According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, information can last up to a lifetime in C. Daniel is writing an essay on the dinosaurs he learned about last week. B. Endosymbiosis B. neutral stimulus/conditioned stimulus B. the bell had become associated with food. D. Stage 1 sleep, 116. B. the encoding of information for the purpose of retention and retrieval. C. She will tell Mitchell to concentrate on the swinging pendulum on her desk. With this condition, he reawakens several times during the night so that he can breathe better. D. stop breathing while they are sleeping. B. Opiates While doing so, he fails to hear the doorbell, which has been ringing for five minutes. C. retrograde amnesia. A. altered states of consciousness. B. negative punishment. D. Concentration, Meditation has been compared to ________, the relaxed sense that all is well. What is the most common negative consequence that binge-drinking college students create for A. a circadian rhythm anomaly. A. This is an example of In the context of classical conditioning,________ occurs when the conditioned response dissipates D. getting into trouble with campus or local police. A. visual structuring. B. inhalant A father takes his baby out for a walk. stimulus (US) is on its way. A. insight learning D. declarative memory, A person's knowledge about the world is known as ________ memory. What is the definition of a binge-drinking episode? Which of the following is the most common negative consequence that binge-drinking college students create for You knew exactly Organisms learn about the consequences of behavior through 56. Ian's behavior exemplifies A. narcolepsy C. Money D. are unconscious behaviors. B. have difficulty falling asleep at the hour at which they would like. B. Ebbinghau's curve of forgetting ________ memory. A. semantic memory/long-term memory After Someone Wakes Up From Hypnosis, He Or She May Have Involuntary Reactions To A Stimulus But Not Remember Why. Other studies have shown that sleep coincides with the release of growth hormone in children, thus suggesting that sleep plays an important role in physical growth and brain development. Experience with unavoidable negative stimuli can lead to a particular deficit in avoidance learning Multiple Choice A) It is useful in controlling pain during childbirth. C. Alcohol is a type of hallucinogen. 36. D. a flashbulb memory, Why did cognitive psychologist Jonathan Schooler suggest that the term recovered memories be 70. Larry is grounded each time he hits his little brother. Miranda then tries to imitate the sequence of swings and A. somniloquy. D. They increase epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. Mr. Owens always sleeps restlessly, snoring and gasping during the night. alcoholic beverage, he or she also consumes a mixture that induces nausea. D. negative punishment. B. Medical tests B. habit. D. stage 4 sleep. A. Organisms learn the association between behaviors and their consequences. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. Working memory allows individuals to hold information permanently as they perform B. Daydreaming occurs when the individual is doing something that requires full attention. C. how people can remember material for several months. B. serial position effect D. Behaviorism. A. generalization. If so, are there distinctions between REM and non-REM dreams? A. serotonin After several weeks of taking the drug, she noticed that she no longer fits into most of her clothes. A. brain. A. a sealskin coat C. Aaron, who began drinking at age 12 with the neighborhood kids C. best explained by the concept of instinctive drift and positive reinforcement. D. insomnia. C. effect of time shifts on the circadian rhythm. B. stimulant. Controlled processes A. classical conditioning. C. a person experiences unpleasant physical symptoms when using a drug. Only 6 pairs of the skates sell at the original price, and the manager decides to mark down the remaining skates. Tina's eyes water every time she chops onions. memories. Her biological clock has become desynchronized. C. pain Grandpa is displaying signs of D. throwing a temper tantrum, ________ is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable actions and responses. A. corpus callosum 119. B. dreaming. C. They increase dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. Tranquilizers and alcohol are B. others? B. A. stage 1 B. marijuana/valium D. It can produce striking perceptual changes only when taken in high doses. than those in the middle. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). stimulus. Which of the following statements is true of alcohol? D. operant conditioning. C. might lead to an increased probability of daydreaming. A. more than three drinks in a row Lea is in It occurs usually due to the use of sleeping pills. Awareness involves the C. Hallucinogens Hypnosis can be used to treat alcoholism, somnambulism, depression, suicidal tendencies, post-traumatic stress disorder, migraines, overeating, diabetes, and smoking. Alcohol decreases the concentration of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid Thus, whereas Freud suggests that our dreams have deep unconscious meaning and cognitive theory claims that our dreams are an attempt to make sense of our conscious lives, activation-synthesis theory suggests that our dreams are merely a form of "cognitive trash" that has little to no meaning. True. A. Hallucinogens C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. B. attention, retention, generalization, and discrimination B.Narcolepsy B. strongly increase information over a long period of time? 106. B. Spontaneous recovery A. Psychoanalysis A. depressant. true. Lower levels of awareness include automatic processes and daydreaming. 23. C. They improve memory retention. C. increased tolerance. discovered that most of her classmates have ________ of September 11, 2001. B. conceptualization. A. semantic memory B. B. It was first conceptualized by Ivan Pavlov. B. B. somnambulism. C. are the lowest or least alert state of human consciousness. the ________ after conditioning had occurred. When there are many items in the visuo-spatial sketchpad, one can represent them D. Being anesthetized. C. corpus callosum/hippocampus D. effect of time shifts on the circadian rhythm. accident are intact, she is no longer able to form new, long-term memories. B. tranquilizer. C. hypnosis involves the retention of a single state of consciousness. According to cognitive theory, since dreaming involves information processing and memory, dreams are essentially subconscious forms of cognitive processing. A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. B. _____ is an altered state of consciousness or psychological state of altered attention in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions. to help them reach the end of the maze more quickly. C. Generalization A. latent learning your computer for 15 minutes and write whatever comes into your head. personalities that she exhibits as a result of her condition. A. C. positive punishment 60. Which of the following individuals is exhibiting the highest level of conscious awareness? 87. C. secondary reinforcement. From this point of view, sleep may have developed because of the need to protect oneself at night. tequila bottle that he drank out of last night? B. tertiary how anyone could ever get these dangerous animals to be so cooperative without anesthesia. A. C. heroin C. hallucinogen. A. B. Generalization A. Hilgard's view that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components, one of which follows the hypnotist's commands and the other of which acts as a "hidden observer" is known as C. Implicit memory is related to non-consciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions. B. B. lower-level consciousness They interrupt others people's study or sleep. C. stage 3 and stage 4 Multiple Choice A) It is useful in controlling pain during childbirth. C. Margaret will have difficulty adding numbers. B. a rabbit _____ refers to individuals' understanding that they and others think, feel, perceive, and have private experiences. C. Daydreaming most often occurs in the form of mind wandering. 69. Working memory has a limited capacity, similar to the RAM of a computer. What memory D. observational learning. true. B. Elaboration A. an organism performs a reinforced behavior in a different situation. A. require lower levels of attention than controlled processes. D. representing higher executive function. Night terrors/ Somnambulisms B. automatic processes. C. implicit Which of the following statements is true of hypnosis? She interviews ten of her classmates and asks them to remember that day. D. a hypnogogic reverie. A.psychological dependence. D. psychoactivity. Which of the following structures of memory is autobiographical? B. semantic memory A. involves mechanically repeating information, without imparting meaning to it.It D. the result of mental activities such as thinking and reasoning. In operant conditioning, discrimination occurs when D. A meditative state is exactly similar to the hypnotic state. 81. B. more visual. D. effect of time shifts on the circadian rhythm. B. narcolepsy According to the principles of classical conditioning, the conditioned Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in addiction? D. long-term memory/procedural memory, George Miller's classic research showed that the average capacity of short-term is between They are most often used in suicide attempts. A. Sigmund Freud's theory D. neural activity begins with the brain. A. non-REM sequence.